Interrogations
- Group B
The group of "all other verbs", including "to do" used as principal, forms interrogative
sentences with the auxiliary verb "to do", just by adding it ahead of the affirmative sentence. Fragment
form LSEG: interrogations with "all other verbs".
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Negation - Group A
The verb "to have" forms negative sentences in two modes:
A. alone
B. together with the auxiliary verb "to do"
When "to have" forms negations alone, "not" is introduced after "to have" in
affirmative sentences. When "to have" is used as auxiliary, "not" is introduced after
the first auxiliary verb.
Negations are formed using "to have" alone:
1. when "to have" is used as auxiliary in perfect forms;
2. sometimes, when "to have" is used to express possession, or instead of "to be".
Few instances of using "to have" to form negations are highlighted next. Fragment form
LSEG: negations with "to have".
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Negations
- Group B
The group of "all other verbs", including "to do" used as principal, forms negative
sentences by adding "to do" + "not" ahead of the predicate in affirmative sentences. The
predicate is set to infinitive, and only the auxiliary verb changes forms. Few instances of using "all
other verbs" to form negations are highlighted next.
Fragment form LSEG: negations with "all other verbs" group.
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Confirmative question is a complex sentence having two clauses (parts):
1. the first clause/part is a declaration;
2. the second clause/part is a question asking the interlocutor to validate the declaration.
Confirmative question is named in some publications "question tag". Generally, confirmative
question takes the reverse positive/negative "sign" of the declarative clause. However, there are
instances when confirmative question has the same sign as the declaration, in order to express increased
emphatic content of: surprise, doubt, irritation, etc. Few instances of using confirmative questions are
highlighted next.
Examples:
This is your work, isn't it?
You have two children, haven't you?
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Fragment form LSEG:
using confirmative question.
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The are few more particular instances of forming interrogations and negations (details are presented in
LSEG):
1. double negation;
2. using some, any, no, none in affirmations, interrogations, and negations;
3. rhetorical question;
4. short answers;
5. negative interrogation;
6. using phonetics to form interrogations.
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